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2015년 10월 30일 금요일

PE 10/30 Sorting Laundry the Hard Way


* That’s/It’s a wrap.: it’s finished and satisfactory
ex> That’s a wrap. everyone. Let’s get the cameras packed up before we break for lunch.

* out of commission: not functioning; not available for use
ex> My blender is out of commission, so I’ve been buying smoothies from the stand on my street.
Note> This idiom originally referred to a ship that was laid up for repairs or held in reserve. Similarly, the antonym, in commission, referred to a ship armed and ready for action.

* tops: at most
ex> These handmade Italian shoes cost me fifty dollars, tops.
ex> I can run back to the café, grab your phone, and be back here in ten minutes, tops.

* knock yourself out: go ahead if you want to
ex> If you want to go to all the trouble to wash the car by hand, knock yourself out.
ex> Why are you always knocking yourself out to change things that aren’t your responsibility?
Note> This expression also is put negatively, don’t knock yourself out, which means “don’t exert yourself; it’s not worth that much effort.”

* get the idea: to understand
ex> Keep reading this chapter and looking at the diagrams until you get the idea.

* brazenly: rudely bold
ex> She brazenly told her record label that she was going to record the album her way.

* bona fide: 진정한, 실제의
You may hear this expression pronounced three different ways, and all of them are correct to some degree. The fide rhymes with “tide” in the US; it rhymes with “tidy” in the UK; and it’s pronounced FEE-day in many other countries.
ex> That’s a bona fide Chagall. My mom bought it at an auction when I was seven.


2015년 10월 29일 목요일

PE 10/29 At the Birthplace of the Olympics


* right up/down one’s alley: very appropriate to one’s interests
ex> I’ve bought us tickets to a concert I think will be right down your alley.
ex> The community center has announced some cooking classes that are right up my alley.

* everything under the sun: everything imaginable or possible
ex> I’ve tried everything under the sun to get my cat to do tricks, but she still refuses.

* quash: to suppress; subdue
ex> We have to quash these rumors that we’re going out of business.

* hiatus: an interruption in a sequence or process
ex> The doctor recommended I take a hiatus from work while I’m recovering.
Note> When your favorite TV show is on hiatus, that means there are no new episodes – not forever, just for a little while. If someone has to leave her job for a time, she’s going on hiatus. The key thing about a hiatus is that it’s an interruption of something that was happening, but it’s not a permanent break.

* in person: while one is physically present
ex> Watching videos of live performances is not as exciting as seeing the performers in person.

* enable one: to make it possible for someone to do something
ex> Having a larger telescope will enable us to see the planets more clearly.
Note> More recently, this word has developed the specialized meaning of offering help that perpetuates rather than solves a problem. A parent who allows a child to stay home from school because he hasn’t studied for a test is enabling irresponsibility. The spouse who makes excuses for his hung-over partner is enabling alcohol abuse.

* look something up: (정보 등을) 찾아보다
Like many English expressions with the same structure, the object can be in the middle or at the end. For example, one can look up a recipe, or one can look a recipe up. Other examples of this form include hand in, turn on, and tear down.

ex> I’ll have to look it up on the rider her agency sent us. 

10/29 Going to Baseball Games

Talk about when you went to a baseball game.

I am a pretty big fan of baseball. I go to baseball games whenever I have the chance. The last time I went was a few weeks ago. It was a big game between two big rival teams: the Doosan Bears and the LG Twins. Both teams represent Seoul and have a long rivalry going on. As always, the game got heated up. There were cheerleaders on each team who led the cheering. The fans of both teams used stick balloons to root for their teams. The Bears led the game up until the 8th inning, but the Twins turned the game around in the last inning and won 7 to 5. It was one of the most exciting games I’ve watched in my life.

* root for one’s team ~의 팀을 응원하다
* turn the game around 경기를 역전시키다
ex> We scored a goal in the second half, but it was not enough to turn the game around.
  
@ Speaking Tips: turn the game around
경기를 역전시키다
경기에서 지던 팀이 전세를 역전시킨다는 의미로 turn the game around라는 표현을 쓴다.
ex> We turned the game around several times during the match.


@ It ain’t over till it’s over끝날 때까지는 완전히 끝난 게 아니야.

10/28 Korean Baseball

Talk about the popularity of baseball in Korea.

It seems that many more people are into baseball in Korean these days. Especially with the post-season going on, the popularity of baseball is at its peak. Ticket sales for pro-baseball hit a record high at 7.1 million in 2012. In the following years, attendance hit 6.4 million and 6.5 million in 2013 and in 2014 respectively. There are currently ten professional baseball teams in Korea. A new team called KT Wiz joined the league recently. With the addition of a new team, attendance is expected to go even higher than that of previous years. In facts, many games were completely sold-out throughout the season.

* attendance 관중 수
* respectively 각각
* sold-out 매진된

@ Speaking Tips: be into ~에 빠져 있다
전치사 into는 무엇인가에 몰두하거나 빠져 있다는 의미를 나타내는 말을 할 때 흔히 사용된다.
ex> I am into hip-hop music these days. (나는 요즘 힙합 음악에 빠져 있어.)


@ The playoffs are best of five플레이오프는 5 3선승제야.

2015년 10월 28일 수요일

PE 10/28 Proper Disposal of E-Waste


* pour on the steam: to make an extra effort
ex> We poured on the stream and finished wrapping up all the food parcels before the deadline.
Note> Think of steam as effort or energy. The expression, run out of steam, means to lose interest or energy to continue doing what you’re doing.

* dumpster: a large, rectangular outdoor trash container, usually made of steel
ex> I used to wake up at 7 am every Monday to the sound of the dumpster being emptied.
Note> If you say that a place is a dump, it means that the place or building is dirty or very unpleasant.

* not so fast: wait; don’t do that yet
ex> Not so fast! We can’t leave the house until the cookies have finished baking.

* infinitely: immeasurably; endlessly
ex> The universe continues infinitely in every direction.

* tailor-made: specially made for a specific person or purpose
ex> One advantage of tailor-made clothing is that it’s less likely to employ sweatshop labor.

* whatever it takes: anything to achieve the desired result
ex> Amy said she will do whatever it takes to get tickets for that concert.

* better late than never: 아예 안 하는 것보다는 늦게라도 하는 것이 낫다.
This expression is sometimes used to express frustration over how long something has taken. It is also used to express appreciation that the awaited situation eventually occurred.
A: That’s Jeff’s car now, so I guess we can start soon. I can’t believe we’ve been waiting for over two hours.
B: Better late than never, I suppose.


PE 10/27 Bono – Upenn Commencement Speech


* take something at face value: to accept that something is as it appears to be
ex> I have no reason not to trust Bernard, so I take what he says at face value.
Note> Some say that this phrase has something to do with currency. The value of a coin or bill is directly apparent from the numbers printed on it. So it means taking the meaning of someone’s speech or actions directly.

* in it for: to be doing something for a single purpose
ex> Candice will never excel at her career because she’s only in it for the money

* for better or worse: whether the outcome is good or bad
ex> For better or worse, we’ve decided to invest some money in my cousin’s new company.

* come away with: to leave a place or a situation with something
ex> After spending an entire afternoon looking for shoes I liked, I came away with the feeling that I’m living in the wrong city.

* mullet: a hairstyle that is long in the back and short on the top and sides
ex> My dad has hidden all the pictures of himself from when he had a mullet.

* hairdo: a hairstyle
ex> It used to take half a can of hairspray to create the hairdos my grandmother wore.

* arguably: 거의 틀림없이, 주장하건대
The word inarguably is not the opposite of arguably, despite having a prefix that often means “not.” Something that is arguably true can have a strong case made in its favor from available evidence, even if it is not a universally accepted fact. Something that is inarguably true is so obviously true that is cannot be argued against.
ex> European car makers build what are arguably the fastest productions cars in the world.


PE 10/26 The Power is Out!


* on the fritz: temporarily not functioning
ex> Vera always complains that her computer is on the fritz, but she’s always clicking on things without checking what they are.

* hang on: to wait
ex> Ask them to hang on while I check the stockroom to see if we have any of those left.
ex> My girlfriend asked me to hang on while she gets ready, so that’s why I’m standing here.

* stay put: to remain in one place; not leave
ex> I know you want to see what’s blocking traffic, but just be patient and stay put.
Note> This is a phrase that’s commonly used amongst most parents. Why? because children love to run around and explore their surroundings. Dog owners, like Brian, often use this phrase, too!

* the apple doesn’t fall from the tree: a child is similar in nature to its parent
ex> My son likes the family business about as much as I do, so it’s true the apple doesn’t fall far from the tree.

* extraneous: not essential; not relevant; not related to what it’s with
ex> This machine will sort the coins and remove any extraneous items, like buttons or washers.

* surge: a sudden strong forward or upward movement
ex> There was a surge in the candidate’s popularity after his Michael Jackson parody went viral on YouTube.

* up to something: 뭔가를 꾸미고 있는, 꿍꿍이가 있는
This expression can be used humorously or seriously to imply that someone is doing something that they shouldn’t be or that they would like to keep a secret. A related expression that means the same thing is, up to no good.
A: Why is carrying all those pots and pans into his tree fort?
B: I don’t know, but he’s clearly up to something.


10/27 Paper Cups

Talk about paper cups we use.

We use so many paper cups in our lives. Tons of people get their drinks to go at coffee places. When they do that, they almost always use paper cups, However, disposable cups are not eco-friendly. Thousands and thousands of trees are cut every year just to make these cups. That's why we should try to use less of them. A good way to use less paper cups is to use a tumbler or a thermos when you get a drink. Coffee places offer discounts for customers who bring in their own cups like this. We see many public campaigns to encourage people to use less paper cups.

* get something to go 테이크 아웃 하다
* disposable cup 일회용 컵
* thermos 보온병

@ Speaking Tips: eco-friendly  친환경적인
무엇인가에 친화적이라는 말을 할 때 friendly를 붙인다. user-friendly '사용자 친화적인' mobile-friendly '모바일 친화적인', 그리고 customer-friendly '고객 친화적인'의 의미로 사용된다.
ex> Many smartphone apps are user-friendly. (많은 스마트폰 앱들은 사용자 친화적이다.)


@ It keeps drinks hot or cold longer음료를 더 오랫동안 차갑거나 따뜻하게 유지해 줘.

10/26 Dried Squid

Talk about dried squid Koreans like to eat.

Koreans are huge fans of dried squid. They are just like beef jerky for Westerners. Roasted dried squid is one of the most typical side dishes Koreans have with beer. They go very well with peanuts. Dried squid can be a bit tough, so some people prefer to have half- dried squid, which is a bit softer. There are various flavors of dried squid. The butter-flavored ones are one of the most popular kinds. You can easily see people having dried squid as snack at movie theaters. Plus, there is a whole array of dried squid products at convenience stores.

* beef jerky 육포
* tough 질긴

@ Speaking Tips: a whole array of  온갖 종류의
무척 다양한 종류의 무엇인가를 이야기할 때 사용하는 표현이 a whole array of이다.
ex> We can get a whole array of flavors there

@ Dried squid is very chewy마른 오징어는 되게 쫄깃쫄깃 해.


2015년 10월 24일 토요일

PE 10/23 One Driver Per Car, Please


* pass (something) along: to share information; give something to someone
ex> When you’re finished with these books, please pass along any you enjoyed to your friend Liz.

* flip the bird: to extend one’s middle finger to make a rude gesture
ex> That driver is slowing down because he saw you flip the bird at him.
Note> In Western culture, the finger (as in giving someone the finger or the bird), also known as the finger wave, the middle finger, flipping someone off, shooting the bird, is an obscene hand gesture.

* cut one off: to enter one’s immediate path suddenly, causing them to slow or stop
ex> The accident was caused by one cyclist cutting another off.
ex> I was surprised when the ambulance cut me off because I hadn’t seen it in my mirrors.

* butt out: to stop interfering with one or more other people
ex> I asked Cynthia if she wanted some relationship advice, and she told me to butt out.

* unsolicited: given or done without being asked for
ex> Most of what appears in my mailbox is unsolicited junk.

* bicker: to argue about something unimportant
ex> Maybe elderly couples bicker because they’re unhappy about being old.

* That tears it.: 너무 지나치다
This is an expression of frustration, similar to “that’s the last straw.” It is used when something that has just happened adds to an existing feeling of annoyance.
ex> That tears it. I’m not going to bring you any more snack foods while you just sit there watching TV!


2015년 10월 23일 금요일

PE 10/22 Underwater Treasures in the Greek Islands


* take a load off (one’s feet): to sit down and relax
ex> After walking up that hill with all these groceries I was happy to take a load off when I got home.

* larger than life: having an aura of greatness
ex> You can always spot a famous person on the street because they seem larger than life.

* anyone’s guess: something no one knows with certainty
ex> There online predictions are all different, so what tomorrow’s weather will be like is anyone’s guess.

* moratorium: a temporary suspension or ban of an activity
ex> A moratorium on further testing was announced until the technical problems are resolved.

* clamp down on: to take strong action to stop or prevent an unwanted activity
ex> Traffic police have clamped down on illegal parking in emergency zones.
Note> Even parents can clamp down on their kids. If the kids are behaving badly or doing poorly in school, parents will most likely become more strict.

* sustainable: able to continue for a long time
ex> Physicists are still trying to create a sustainable fusion reaction.

* beyond one’s wildest dreams: 꿈에도 생각지 못한
There are a couple of other expressions that use “dreams” in this same sense. “Never in my dreams” has the same meaning as “beyond my wildest dreams,” as does “I never would have dreamed…”
ex> Woo-hoo! Incredible! Winning a major prize like this is beyond my wildest dreams!


PE 10/21 Designed to Last


* good on paper: in theory; possibly not in the real world
ex> The committee decided to test the proposal because it looked good on paper.

* contemplating: to think about; regard for a long time
ex> He sat there by the window for over an hour, contemplating the raindrops as they slid down the glass.

* shipshape: tidy; in good order
ex> It took only two hours to get the house completely shipshape.
Note> Shipshape is a saying from the Royal Navy. In ship-shape means that all the gear and equipment are in their proper place and proper condition. The phrase shipshape refers to the need to make sure that if the ship capsizes, or a portion floods, the gear in the compartments doesn’t become dangerous.

* paint oneself into a corner: to do something that limits one’s future choices
ex> We may have painted ourselves into a corner by promising a high quality product at a low price.

* off to the races: beginning something exciting
ex> The kids were off to the races as soon as they received their first clues in the treasure hunt.

* hypothetically: related to a possible but untested concept
ex> Some anthropologists believe that, at least hypothetically, human societies could return to a more primitive state.

* for/to all intents and purposes: 사실상, 모든 점에서
This expression can begin with “for” or “to” without changing its meaning. It is sometimes incorrectly written or spoken as, “for all intensive purposes”

ex> I had no choice. For all intents and purposes, it was identical to a well-known textbook example. 

PE 10/20 Sting – Berklee College of Music Commencement Speech


* hammer away at: to work at something intensely until it is finished
ex> They decided to hammer away at the landscaping project before the weather changed.

* delusion: an unusual belief that is contradicted by reality
ex> The drug was removed from the market because it was found to cause delusions in some people.
Note> This word is often used in the phrase delusions of grandeur, which expresses the belief that unattainable goals are well within reach, like a terrible actress’s delusions of grandeur that she won’t just land her first role in a movie, it also will make her an Academy Award winner.

* financial hole: a large debt
ex> When applying for a student loan, think about the size of the financial hole you may be digging for yourself.

* emigrate: to leave one’s country to settle permanently in another
ex> More and more people are emigrating to find a greater range of opportunities.
Note> When a person immigrates, he or she moves to a new country. During the great wave of immigration between 1880 and 1924, over 25 million Europeans immigrated to the United States.

* clumsy: awkward; uncoordinated; difficult to use
ex> Many teenage boys go through a clumsy stage where they’re always bumping into walls, falling down, and dropping things.
ex> Those clumsy folding chairs always take too long to set up.

* passable: acceptable
ex> You only did a passable job of washing my car, so I won’t pay you the full amount we agreed on.

* drive one (a)round the bend: (짜증나는 일을 하여) 누군가를 화나게(미치게) 만들다
This expression takes different forms depending on where in the English speaking world it is used. The above form is used in the US and Canada, but in Britain and Australia it is more common to hear, drive one round the twist.
ex> She was trying to have a nap, and the sound was driving her around the bend.


PE 10/19 Choosing the Right School


* coerce: to make someone do something by using threats or force
ex> The lone guard was coerced into opening the gate by the three terrifying intruders.

* pie-in-the-sky: something desirable that is unlikely to happen
ex> Anyone can turn their pie-in-the-sky dreams into achievable goals with a little planning.
Note> This is an American phrase and was coined by Joe Hill in 1911. Hill was a Swedish-born itinerant laborer who migrated to the USA in 1902. He was a leading light of the radical labor organization The Industrial Workers of the World – known as the Wobbliers, writing many radical songs for them.

* no shortage of: plenty of; an abundance of
ex> We should book our flights soon, as there’ll be no shortage of people traveling that time of year.

* in demand: wanted by many people
ex> The group is in demand these days, and their performances often sell out within hours.
ex> Your business idea is likely to succeed because the plan is good and the product is in demand.

* heart of the matter: the essential part of a situation
ex> Bryson leads a good meeting because he’s always able to get to the heart of the matter quickly.

* armed with: equipped with; having
ex> We entered the hearing armed with the knowledge that our findings were true and complete.
Note> If you say that someone is armed, he has a weapon of some kind. With so many school shootings in America in recent years, people are debating whether teachers should be armed for their own safety.

* crestfallen: 실망한, 풀이 죽은
This word refers to a reaction of sadness caused by a single, very recent event. The word chapfallen (or chopfallen), which is more common in the UK, means almost the same thing, but is also used to indicate exhaustion and disappointment.
ex> He looks crestfallen, so I’m guessing his team didn’t win.


10/23 Going to the Gym

Talk about your experience of working out at the gym.

I used to work out a lot a long time ago. However, I stopped doing that at some point. Naturally, I started to gain weight. Then one day, I decided to work out again. I signed up at a gym near my house. These days, I hit the gym three times a week on average. It has become a part of my daily routine. When I go to the gym, I do some cardio for about half an hour. I burn about 500 calories on the treadmill. After that, I lift some weights for about an hour. I also do some sit-ups to work on my abs. It feels really good after a good workout.

* work on one’s abs: 복근을 만들다, 복근 운동을 하다

@ Speaking Tips: lift[do] weights  근력 운동을 하다, 아령이나 역기를 들다
우리는 웨이트 트레이닝이라는 말을 많이 사용하지만, 실제 영어에서는 자주 쓰는 표현이 아니다. 대신, do some weights 혹은 lift some weights라는 표현을 쓴다.
ex> I'm trying to strengthen my muscles by lifting weights.

@ Do you do weight너 근력운동 해?



10/22 Riding Bikes

Do you like riding bikes?

Riding bikes is all the rage in Korea these days. Many more people are riding their bikes. It`s a great way to get some exercise. Plus, it`s a lot of fun to ride with other people. I have actually joined a biking club. We get together every weekend to ride together. We most often take our bikes out to the riverside park along the Han River. When I ride bikes, I always put on protective gear. I put on a helmet, knee pads, and elbow pads. My bike is just an ordinary bike. It`s not that pricey, but some of my friends own bikes that are really expensive.

@ Speaking Tips: get some exercise  운동이 되게 하다
get 동사는 '~이 되게 하다'의 뉘앙스가 있다. get some exercise '운동이 되게 하다'의 의미를 가지고 있고, 운동 삼아서 무엇인가를 한다고 할 때 사용하기가 좋다.
Ex> I walk my dog to get some exercise every day.

@ Let's take our bikes out for a ride자전거 타러 나가자.


2015년 10월 21일 수요일

10/21 Computer Mouse

Talk about the computer mouse you use.

I have three computer mouses. One is an ordinary mouse. It's connected to my desktop at home. It's quite bulky, but I like the grip. It fits right in my hand. Another mouse I have is a typical wireless mouse. I have to plug the piece into the USB port. The mouse actually folds in half. It's good when I have to carry it around. The other mouse I have is a Bluetooth mouse. I don't have to plug in anything. I just have to pair it with my laptop. It's really cool. I think wireless mouses are very convenient because you don't need to any wires.


@ Speaking Tips: carry around  휴대하고 다니다
몸에 지니고 다니는 것을 말할 때 자주 사용하는 표현이 carry around이다. around '주변에'라는 뜻이므로 주변에 들고 다닌다는 의미로 보면 된다.


@ My mouse is out of battery내 마우스 건전지가 덜어졌어.

10/20 Parents

Talk about your parents.

I used to live with my parents before I got married. I moved out right after getting married. My parents live close by. I see them quite often actually - at least twice a month on average. We call or message each other back and forth quite often. They are very family-oriented and we have a lot of family gatherings. They love to see their grandchildren. They used to come and give us a hand with our children when they were babies. My mon and dad are also quite active despite their age. They like to go hiking and play badminton on a regular basis. I feel grateful to have my parents.

* live close by 가까이 살다
* have family gatherings 가족 모임을 가지다
* give somebody a hand with 도와주다

@ Speaking Tips: family-oriented  가정적인
가정에 충실하고 가족애를 중시하는 문화적 성향을 말할 때 영어로는 family-oriented라고 한다. 가족한테 방향을 맞추어져 있다는 의미로 보면 된다.


@ My parents live back home부모님께서는 고향에 살고 계셔.

10/19 Siblings

Talk about your siblings.

I am the oldest among my siblings. I have a younger brother and a younger sister. I'm three years apart with my brother. My sister and I have quite an age gap. She is eight years younger than I am. I'm very close with my young sister. She used to rely on me a lot when she was growing up. She came to me first when she had problems. We have always had a good chemistry. On the other hand, my brother and I have had some issues. We are very different in many ways. There are times when we have different views about family issues. But overall, we get along okay.

* the oldest among one’s siblings: 형제 중 첫째

@ Speaking Tips: chemistry  교감도, 코드
교감을 한다거나 코드가 맞는다는 말을 할 때 사용하는 단어가 chemistry이다. 말 그대로 두 사람 간의 화학 작용에 대해 묘사할 때 쓰는 말이다. '캐미'라는 말을 쓰곤 하는데, 이 단어에서 나온 말이다.


@ I'm the only child in the family나 외동이야.

10/16 Zoo

Talk about zoos you have been to.

I used to love going to the zoo when I was little. I was delighted to see the animals. My favorite animals were elephants, giraffes, and monkeys. I remember feeding them food with my own hands. I also remember going to a safari. There were lions, tigers, and even bears in the safari. It was so cool to see those wild animals so closely. I also remember watching dolphin shows at the zoo. My parents bought me souvenirs. They bought me fancy hairbands and stuffed animals. We also had ice-cream, snacks, and cotton candy at the zoo. Overall, I have a lot of pleasant memories of going to the zoo when I was a kid.

@ Speaking Tips: with one's own hands  손으로 직접
다른 도구를 이용하지 않고 맨손으로 했다는 의미를 나타내는 말을 할 때 쓸 수 있는 표현은 with one's own hands이다.


@ I'm against having animals in captivity나는 동물들을 가두어 놓는 거 반대야.

10/15 Flies

Talk about flies.

Flies can be a nuisance. There are many flies near the dumpster. You see them a lot especially in the summer. You definitely don't want them in the house. They carry around germs and can land on your food. They also make an annoying sound flying around. You can use a fly swatter to catch them, but that can be hard because they're pretty fast. Sometimes, flies can lay eggs in the house and multiply in numbers. That's the worst case scenario. The best way to keep flies out is to keep the house clean. That way, you won't attract them into the house in the first place.

* nuisance 골칫거리
* fly swatter 파리채
* the worst case scenario 최악의 시나리오

@ Speaking Tips: multiply in numbers 개체 수가 증가하다
개체 수가 증가한다는 말을 할 때 주로 쓰는 표현이 multiply in numbers이다. 파리나 곤충의 수가 증가한다는 말을 할 때 가장 흔히 사용하는 말이다.


@ I can't stand flies나 파리 질색이야.

10/14 Cicadas

Talk about cicadas in Korea.

There are many cicadas in Korea. They make a lot of noise in the summer. They can be a bit annoying. They're around all summer and into early fall. Sometimes, we can hear them all day as they cry at night as well. They can be distracting as the noise they make is so loud. Plus, they always make noises in groups. When one starts to cry, all the others start to cry together. They not only live in the countryside but also in the city as well. Wherever there are trees, chances are you will find them. They eventually die off as the weather gets colder in late fall.

@ Speaking Tips: annoying vs. distracting 성가신 vs. 산만한
신경에 거슬린다는 말을 할 때 사용하는 영어 표현은 annoying이다. 반면, 산만하다는 말을 할 때 사용하는 형용사는 distracting이다.

@ You just have to ignore the noise시끄러워도 그냥 무시해야지.


2015년 10월 16일 금요일

PE 10/16 A Useful First Date


* hard to swallow: difficult to accept
ex> Manufacturers might find the new trade restrictions hard to swallow.

* slap on the wrist: a milder punishment than is deserved, often done for appearances
ex> The public were outraged when the convicted criminal received only a slap on the wrist.

* abysmal: very bad
ex> The local team gave an abysmal performance in the rain, losing the game 7 to 2.

* put one’s best foot forward: to try to make a good impression
ex> Wearing my best suit and acting confidently will help me put my best foot forward.
Note> The allusion in this idiom is thought to be concerned with marching. The best foot means “the right foot,” the left being regarded as unlucky.

* fret: to be nervous or worried
ex> You’ll do a much better job this time if you don’t fret about what happened last time.

* keep one company: to spend time with someone so they don’t become lonely
ex> I go to my grandmother’s home every Thursday to read to her and keep her company.
Note> When you say that you “have company” (perhaps in your home), you have a visitor or guest.

* hit on one: (이성에게) 추근대다, 수작을 걸다
ex> The term hit on sounds violent, but is usually used to describe direct flirtation by a member of either sex. Whether it is perceived as welcome attention, harmless, rude, or an unwanted intrusion depends on the situation and the perceptions of the people involved.
ex> My girlfriends and I just want to dance without guys hitting on us all the time.



PE 10/15 The Parthenon – A Ture Survivor


* earn one’s place: to deserve existing recognition
ex> Alssandro Volta has earned his place as one of the greatest scientists of the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

* catastrophic: causing or related to a widespread disaster
ex> Some of the US government’s decisions during the Great Depression were harmful, but none were catastrophic.

* mixed bag: a collection of very different kinds of things; an assortment
ex> The mall contained a mixed bag of stores when it first opened, but it eventually became essentially a fashion mall.
Note> This phrase originally refers to a bag of game (meat) brought home from a day’s hunting.

* nail one to the wall: to punish one severely
ex> When the police catch the guy who stole my wallet, I hope they nail him to the wall.

* get off scot-free: to not be punished for doing something wrong
ex> The boys were taken to the principal’s office for running in the halls, but got off scot-free.
ex> I can’t believe that policeman let you off scot-free after pulling you over for speeding.

* ever since: from an earlier point time
ex> Ever since I was little, I’ve always loved blueberries.

* awestruck: 위압당한, 위엄에 눌린, 경이로워하는
Awestruck is sometimes used interchangeably with amazed, but awestruck actually has a stronger, narrower meaning. To be awestruck means to have a combined sense of wonder, respect, fear, and surprise at something – to be overcome with the magnitude of the impression it makes.
ex> My climbing team and I were literally awestruck. It’s impossible to describe it.



PE 10/14 A Business that Grows Itself


* one’s take: one’s opinion
ex> I’d like to get your take on this flooring sample for the living room.

* above board: honest and open
ex> Our discussions progressed well because both sides kept everything above board.
Note> This is originally a gambling term that refers to the fact that a gambler whose hands are above the board or gaming table could not engage in trickery, such as changing cards, below the table.

* have one’s ducks in a row: to have everything in order; be prepared and organized
ex> Let’s be sure we have our ducks in a row when the magazine people arrive.
ex> Carson gets his projects done quickly because he always has his ducks in a row.

* window of opportunity: a temporary chance to do something
ex> History’s most successful people have had the ability to identify windows of opportunity.

* speak one’s mind: to state one’s opinion honestly
ex> The king was not used to having a commoner speak her mind to him in this way, but he actually seemed to enjoy it.

* savvy: cleverness and practical knowledge
ex> My nephew has a lot of technical savvy for a twelve-year-old.

* inappropriate: 부적절한, 부적합한
This word has taken on a narrower definition in recent years, specifically “offensive or insensitive, especially in a sexist or racist manner.” This is the meaning that is usually implied if this word is used without any other context or explanation.
ex> I like the overall feel, but those light fixtures seem inappropriate to me.


2015년 10월 13일 화요일

10/13 Short Circuit

Talk about when there was a short circuit in your house.

I remember when there was a short circuit in my house. The power kept shutting down. I checked the fuse box and turned it back on, but the power kept shutting down again. I had to call the management office. A technician came to see what was wrong. We unplugged the big appliances and turned the power back on to see what the problem was. It turned out that there was something wrong with the wiring in the house. The fridge also seemed to have some problems. In the end, the technician took care of the problem and we got power back on.

@ Speaking Tips: shut down 차단되다
전력 등이 차단되거나, 장소 등이 폐쇄된다는 의미를 영어로 말할 때 사용하는 표현이 바로 shut down이다.

@ There was a power outage전기가 나갔었어.


10/12 Getting Off Work

Talk about getting off work.

I normally get off work around six or seven. There are times when I get off late. I have to work after-hours from time to time. It commonly appends especially at the end of every month when we're wrapping things up for the month. Traffic gets pretty bad when I get off work. It can take forever when I get stuck in traffic, so I normally take the subway to avoid rush hour traffic. We do have staff dinners off and on. Staff dinners end late at night at times. The subway or the bus stops running. In that case, I have no choice but to cab it home.

* cab it home: 택시로 귀가하다

@ Speaking Tips: stop running (차가)끊기다
대중교통 운행이 끊긴다는 말을 영어로는 stop running이라고 한다. run 동사 자체가 '운행하다'라는 의미로 사용된다.

@ I left my car at home today나 오늘 집에 차 두고 왔어.


PE 10/13 Wynton Marsalis - Juilliard Commencement Speech


* combat: to fight against something
ex> The school has adopted a new attendance system to combat absenteeism.

* scheme of things: the way things happen in a certain situation
ex> Illness among the staff has forced a few changes from the usual scheme of things.

* refined: polite; elegant; showing good taste
ex> I wonder where my aunt developed such refined taste in sculpture.
Note> Something that’s refined has gone through a process to remove impurities. An oil refinery removes impurities from oil. When a person’s refined, they have good manners and good taste.

* callous: uncaring; showing no sympathy or feeling toward others
ex> After my father died, I discovered that his callous behavior came from his unhappy childhood.
Note> callous comes from the Latin root callum for hard skin. If you walk barefoot a lot, your feet will become calloused. We usually use callous in the metaphorical sense for emotionally hardened. If someone is unmoved by other people’s problems, you might say he shows a callous indifference to human suffering.

* snobbery: showing disdain for things or people one feels to be inferior
ex> Snobbery prevented him from getting a good job in his homeland, but he became very successful when he started his own business in a new country.

* sell one short: to fail to acknowledge someone’s true value
ex> I think you’re selling her short by not letting her audition for the lead role.

* sell out: (개인적인 이득을 위해) 원칙(신념)을 버리다
Don’t confuse this expression with the noun sellout, which sometimes refers to the situation where all the tickets for an event are sold. However, the noun can also refer to the act of compromising one’s principles for gain, e.g. “The congressman’s change of position was a total sellout.”
ex> I liked her first two albums, but I feel she completely sold out after that.


PE 10/12 A Brighter Home


* take a gander: to look (informal)
ex> We stopped at the new flower shop to take a gander at what sorts of arrangements they had.

* there one goes again: one is being annoying by repeating something
ex> There you go again, interrupting me and finishing my sentences.

* tomb: an underground chamber for burying dead people.
ex> Tutankhamun’s tomb was not discovered until 1922.

* tipping point: the point at which a small change can have a big result
ex> Some scientists have estimated that the tipping point will come when the global population exceeds eight billion.
Note> The term is said to have originated in the field of epidemiology when an infectious disease reaches a point beyond any local ability to control it from spreading more widely. A tipping point is often considered to be a turning point.

* cut corners: to find ways to make a situation easier or to save money
ex> We knew we’d have to cut some corners when we learned the competing bid was so low.
Note> Cutting corners can be both good and bad. Being known for cutting corners typically is not an admirable quality as it often implies shoddy workmanship, avoiding standard procedures, or possibly something illegal. But when a business wants to cut corners, it stems from a desire to reduce costs.

* cost a bundle: to be expensive
ex> It cost a bundle to replace all our windows, but it’s nice and quiet in here now.

* run-down: 다 쓰러져가는, 황폐한
Don’t confuse the adjective “run-down” with the noun “rundown,” which is a summary or short explanation. The adjective might not always have a hyphen, as that symbol is becoming less used in English compound adjectives. For example, it is now common to see compound adjectives like “high quality” without the hyphen.
ex> They have these amazing bars in run-down old buildings in the downtown area.